हा लेख CTET-2026 साठी Articles (A, An, The) आणि Determiners या महत्त्वाच्या इंग्रजी व्याकरणाच्या घटकांचे सोप्या मराठी + इंग्रजी mix भाषेत स्पष्टीकरण देतो. Articles चे प्रकार, Zero Article तसेच Demonstrative, Possessive, Quantifiers इ. Determiners उदाहरणांसह समजावले आहेत.
प्रस्तावना
English grammar मध्ये Article आणि Determiners हे अत्यंत महत्त्वाचे घटक आहेत. CTET-2026 च्या English Language Pedagogy आणि Grammar section मध्ये या विषयावर थेट किंवा अप्रत्यक्ष प्रश्न विचारले जातात. Articles आणि Determiners noun च्या आधी येऊन त्या noun बद्दल clarity, quantity, ownership, specificity दाखवतात.
मराठी माध्यमाच्या विद्यार्थ्यांसाठी Articles आणि Determiners समजणे थोडे कठीण वाटते कारण मराठीत Articles नाहीत. म्हणूनच CTET साठी concept-based तयारी करणे आवश्यक आहे.
CTET-2026 – Tenses in English Grammar
Grammarly Blog – Articles & Determiners
1. Article म्हणजे काय?
Article हे Determiners चे एक special type आहेत.
Articles noun च्या आधी वापरले जातात.
Types of Articles
Articles चे तीन प्रकार आहेत:
- A
- An
- The
👉 A आणि An = Indefinite Articles
👉 The = Definite Article
2. Indefinite Articles – A & An
Meaning (अर्थ):
जेव्हा noun specific नसते किंवा पहिल्यांदा उल्लेख होतो तेव्हा A / An वापरले जातात.
Use of A
👉 Consonant sound ने सुरू होणाऱ्या शब्दांपूर्वी A वापरतात.
Examples:
- a boy
- a girl
- a teacher
- a university (u = yoo sound)
Use of An
👉 Vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u) ने सुरू होणाऱ्या शब्दांपूर्वी An वापरतात.
Examples:
- an apple
- an umbrella
- an hour (h silent आहे)
🔑 Important Rule:
Sound महत्त्वाचा आहे, spelling नाही.
3. Definite Article – The
Meaning:
जेव्हा noun specific, particular किंवा आधी उल्लेख केलेले असते तेव्हा The वापरतात.
Uses of The
- Previously mentioned noun
- I saw a dog. The dog was black.
- Unique things
- the sun
- the moon
- the earth
- Superlative degree
- the best
- the tallest
- Rivers, seas, oceans
- the Ganga
- the Arabian Sea
- Newspapers, holy books
- the Times of India
- the Gita
4. Zero Article (No Article)
कधी कधी article वापरला जात नाही, याला Zero Article म्हणतात.
Uses:
- Plural nouns (general sense)
- Students are hardworking.
- Proper nouns
- India is my country.
- Abstract nouns
- Honesty is the best policy.
5. Determiners म्हणजे काय? (What are Determiners?)
Determiners हे असे words आहेत जे noun बद्दल information देतात.
👉 They answer questions like:
- Which?
- How many?
- Whose?
- How much?
Articles हे Determiners चाच भाग आहेत.
6. Types of Determiners
Determiners चे मुख्य प्रकार पुढीलप्रमाणे आहेत:
- Articles
- Demonstratives
- Possessives
- Quantifiers
- Numbers
- Distributives
7. Demonstrative Determiners
हे distance दर्शवतात.
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| this | these |
| that | those |
Examples:
- This book is mine.
- Those students are intelligent.
👉 This/These = near
👉 That/Those = far
8. Possessive Determiners
Ownership दर्शवण्यासाठी वापरले जातात.
| Subject | Possessive |
|---|---|
| I | my |
| You | your |
| He | his |
| She | her |
| We | our |
| They | their |
Examples:
- My pen is lost.
- Her bag is new.
9. Quantifiers
Quantity दर्शवण्यासाठी वापरले जातात.
Common Quantifiers:
- some
- any
- much
- many
- little
- few
- several
Examples:
- Some students are absent.
- There is little water in the bottle.
👉 Much – uncountable
👉 Many – countable
10. Numbers as Determiners
Cardinal Numbers:
- one, two, three…
Ordinal Numbers:
- first, second, third…
Examples:
- Two boys are playing.
- He is the first rank holder.
11. Distributive Determiners
हे each member individually दाखवतात.
- each
- every
- either
- neither
Examples:
- Each student must work hard.
- Every child needs education.
12. Difference Between Articles and Determiners
| Articles | Determiners |
|---|---|
| Only a, an, the | Many types |
| Limited | Broad category |
| Part of determiners | Main category |
13. Common Errors (CTET Exam Focus)
❌ He is a honest man
✅ He is an honest man
❌ She has much books
✅ She has many books
14. Teaching Tips for CTET (Pedagogy Point)
- Use real objects
- Use pictures and charts
- Contextual sentences
- Comparison with Marathi language
PYQs – 50 MCQs
Articles and Determiners
1. Choose the correct article:
He is ___ honest man.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: B
2. She bought ___ umbrella yesterday.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: B
3. ___ sun rises in the east.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: C
4. I saw ___ tiger in the forest.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: A
5. ___ Ganga is a holy river.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: C
6. Which sentence is correct?
A) He has much books.
B) He has many books.
C) He has little books.
D) He has few water.
Ans: B
7. There is ___ milk in the glass.
A) many
B) few
C) little
D) several
Ans: C
8. ___ students are present today.
A) Much
B) Little
C) Many
D) Any
Ans: C
9. I don’t have ___ money.
A) some
B) many
C) any
D) few
Ans: C
10. ___ boy in the class is intelligent.
A) Each
B) Many
C) Much
D) Few
Ans: A
11. This is ___ best movie I have seen.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: C
12. She is ___ university student.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: A
13. Which is a demonstrative determiner?
A) my
B) some
C) this
D) many
Ans: C
14. ___ book is mine. (near object)
A) That
B) Those
C) This
D) These
Ans: C
15. ___ children need love and care.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: D
16. Identify the possessive determiner:
A) mine
B) his
C) he
D) him
Ans: B
17. She lost ___ bag.
A) she
B) hers
C) her
D) herself
Ans: C
18. ___ apple a day keeps the doctor away.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: B
19. Which is an uncountable noun?
A) Chair
B) Book
C) Water
D) Pen
Ans: C
20. Use correct determiner:
There are ___ students in the class.
A) much
B) little
C) many
D) any
Ans: C
21. ___ child was given a prize.
A) Few
B) Every
C) Many
D) Much
Ans: B
22. Which sentence is correct?
A) An European country
B) A European country
C) The European country
D) No article European country
Ans: B
23. He is ___ M.A. student.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: B
24. She drank ___ water.
A) many
B) few
C) little
D) several
Ans: C
25. ___ students were punished. (specific)
A) Students
B) A
C) An
D) The
Ans: D
26. Which one is a quantifier?
A) this
B) my
C) some
D) that
Ans: C
27. ___ boys are playing outside.
A) This
B) That
C) These
D) It
Ans: C
28. I have ___ friends in this city.
A) little
B) much
C) few
D) many
Ans: D
29. ___ moon looks beautiful tonight.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: C
30. She does not have ___ idea about it.
A) some
B) any
C) many
D) few
Ans: B
31. Which is a distributive determiner?
A) all
B) some
C) each
D) many
Ans: C
32. ___ teacher must be respected.
A) Every
B) Many
C) Few
D) Much
Ans: A
33. Choose correct option:
He is ___ one-eyed man.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: B
34. ___ books on the table are mine.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: C
35. She has ___ patience.
A) many
B) few
C) little
D) several
Ans: C
36. ___ students can solve this problem.
A) Little
B) Much
C) Few
D) Any
Ans: C
37. Identify the correct sentence:
A) She is a honest girl
B) She is an honest girl
C) She is the honest girl
D) She is honest a girl
Ans: B
38. He bought ___ pair of shoes.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: A
39. ___ Taj Mahal is in India.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: C
40. Which determiner shows ownership?
A) some
B) this
C) my
D) many
Ans: C
41. ___ boys were absent today. (general)
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article
Ans: D
42. I have ___ work to do.
A) many
B) few
C) little
D) several
Ans: C
43. ___ of the two answers is correct.
A) Neither
B) Many
C) Few
D) Much
Ans: A
44. She gave me ___ advice.
A) many
B) few
C) little
D) some
Ans: D
45. ___ students must wear uniform.
A) Each
B) Much
C) Few
D) Little
Ans: A
46. He is ___ tallest boy in the class.
A) a
B) an
C) the
D) no article
Ans: C
47. There isn’t ___ sugar left.
A) some
B) many
C) any
D) few
Ans: C
48. ___ house is bigger than mine.
A) Their
B) They
C) Theirs
D) Them
Ans: A
49. Which one is NOT a determiner?
A) my
B) some
C) very
D) this
Ans: C
50. ___ children like chocolates.
A) Much
B) Many
C) Little
D) Any
Ans: B
निष्कर्ष
Article आणि Determiners हा English grammar चा foundation topic आहे. CTET-2026 साठी हा विषय concept clarity, examples आणि practice च्या आधारे शिकणे गरजेचे आहे. योग्य article किंवा determiner वापरल्यामुळे sentence meaningful बनते. Teacher म्हणून विद्यार्थ्यांना हे नियम सोप्या उदाहरणांतून समजावून सांगणे ही आपली जबाबदारी आहे.
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