CTET 2026 – Tenses (English Grammar)

हा CTET 2026 – Tenses Rules Chart इंग्रजीतील सर्व 12 Tenses सोप्या व व्यवस्थित पद्धतीने दाखवतो. प्रत्येक Tense चा use, structure आणि example दिल्यामुळे नियम पटकन समजतात. CTET Paper I व II साठी हा चार्ट revision, error detection आणि sentence correction साठी अतिशय उपयुक्त आहे.

प्रस्तावना

English Grammar मध्ये Tenses हा अत्यंत महत्त्वाचा घटक आहे.
CTET 2026 च्या English section मध्ये Tenses वर आधारित प्रश्न हे हमखास विचारले जातात. Sentence Correction, Error Detection, Fill in the Blanks, Active–Passive Voice आणि Direct–Indirect Speech या सर्वांमध्ये Tenses चे योग्य ज्ञान आवश्यक असते.

Tense म्हणजे वाक्यातील क्रिया केव्हा घडते हे दर्शवणारी रचना.
क्रिया वर्तमानकाळात, भूतकाळात किंवा भविष्यकाळात घडते यावरून Tense ठरतो.
म्हणूनच Tenses ला English Grammar चा backbone असे म्हटले जाते.

CTET 2026 English Grammar Syllabus

English Tenses Explanation – Grammarly

What is Tense? / Tense म्हणजे काय?

Tense tells us the time of action.
क्रियापदाच्या रूपावरून action present, past किंवा future आहे हे कळते.

👉 Examples:

• I eat food. (Present Tense)
• I ate food. (Past Tense)
• I will eat food. (Future Tense)

वरील उदाहरणांमधून क्रियेचा काळबदलत असल्यामुळे verb चे रूप बदलते.

Types of Tenses / Tense चे प्रकार

English मध्ये एकूण 3 Main Tenses आहेत:

1. Present Tense (वर्तमान काळ)
2. Past Tense (भूतकाळ)
3. Future Tense (भविष्यकाळ)

👉 प्रत्येक Tense चे 4 sub-types असतात. त्यामुळे एकूण 12 Tenses होतात.

1. Present Tense (वर्तमान काळ)

Present Tense चा उपयोग आत्ताच्या काळातील किंवा नेहमी घडणाऱ्या क्रियांसाठी केला जातो.

(A) Simple Present Tense

Use / उपयोग:

• Daily habits (दैनंदिन सवयी)
• Universal truths (सार्वत्रिक सत्य)
• Timetable, routines

Structure:
👉 Subject + V¹ / V¹(s/es)

Examples:

• I play cricket every day.
• She teaches English in a school.
• The sun rises in the east.

👉 CTET Tip:
He/She/It साठी verb ला s/es लागते – हा सामान्य error आहे.

(B) Present Continuous Tense

Use:

• Action happening at the time of speaking

Structure:
👉 Subject + is/am/are + V¹ + ing

Examples:

• I am reading a book now.
• They are playing football.
• She is cooking food.

👉 CTET मध्ये “now, at present” असे words दिसले तर Continuous Tense वापरतात.

(C) Present Perfect Tense

Use:

• Action just completed
• Result is important

Structure:
👉 Subject + has/have + V³

Examples:

• I have finished my homework.
• He has written a letter.
• We have visited Delhi.

👉 Since/For सोबत Perfect Tense जास्त वापरला जातो.

(D) Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Use:

• Action started in past & still continuing

Structure:
👉 Subject + has/have + been + V¹ + ing

Examples:

• I have been studying for 3 hours.
• She has been teaching since 2018.

👉 CTET मध्ये “since, for” + duration दिली असेल तर हा Tense ओळखा.

2. Past Tense (भूतकाळ)

Past Tense चा उपयोग पूर्वी पूर्ण झालेल्या किंवा सुरू असलेल्या क्रियांसाठी होतो.

(A) Simple Past Tense

Use:

• Completed action in past

Structure:
👉 Subject + V²

Examples:

• I visited Pune yesterday.
• He won the match.
• She wrote a letter.

👉 Yesterday, last year, ago हे शब्द Past Tense दर्शवतात.

(B) Past Continuous Tense

Use:

• Action was going on in the past

Structure:
👉 Subject + was/were + V¹ + ing

Examples:

• I was watching TV.
• They were playing cricket.

(C) Past Perfect Tense

Use:

• One action completed before another past action

Structure:
👉 Subject + had + V³

Examples:

• I had finished my work before sunset.
• She had left the school.

👉 “before, after” हे शब्द Past Perfect दर्शवतात.

(D) Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Use:

• Action continued for some time in the past

Structure:
👉 Subject + had + been + V¹ + ing

Examples:

• He had been working there for 5 years.
• I had been studying for two hours.

3. Future Tense (भविष्यकाळ)

Future Tense चा उपयोग भविष्यात होणाऱ्या क्रियांसाठी केला जातो.

(A) Simple Future Tense

Use:

• Future plans, decisions

Structure:
👉 Subject + will/shall + V¹

Examples:

• I will go to school tomorrow.
• She will help me.

(B) Future Continuous Tense

Use:

• Action will be continuing in future

Structure:
👉 Subject + will be + V¹ + ing

Examples:

• I will be studying at night.
• They will be traveling tomorrow.

(C) Future Perfect Tense

Use:

• Action will be completed before a certain time

Structure:
👉 Subject + will have + V³

Examples:

• I will have completed my work by evening.
• She will have reached home.

(D) Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Use:

• Action will continue for a duration in future

Structure:
👉 Subject + will have been + V¹ + ing

Examples:

• He will have been teaching for 20 years.
• I will have been working here since 2020.

Common Errors in Tenses (CTET Focus)

✔ Wrong verb form
✔ Auxiliary verb missing
✔ Subject-Verb agreement error
✔ Since/For confusion
✔ Continuous instead of Simple tense

CTET Exam Tips

• Simple Present आणि Past Tense जास्त विचारले जातात
• Error Detection मध्ये verb तपासणे महत्त्वाचे
• Time words ओळखणे आवश्यक
• Practice MCQs केल्यास accuracy वाढते

CTET 2026 – Tenses MCQs (50 Questions)

Simple Present Tense

1. She ___ to school every day.
A) go
B) goes
C) going
D) gone
✅ Answer: B
👉 He/She/It सोबत V¹ + s/es

2. The sun ___ in the east.
A) rise
B) rises
C) rose
D) rising
✅ Answer: B

3. We ___ tea in the morning.
A) drinks
B) drank
C) drink
D) drinking
✅ Answer: C

4. He usually ___ up early.
A) get
B) gets
C) got
D) getting
✅ Answer: B

5. Water ___ at 100°C.
A) boil
B) boiled
C) boiling
D) boils
✅ Answer: D

---

Present Continuous Tense

6. She ___ a letter now.
A) writes
B) is writing
C) wrote
D) has written
✅ Answer: B

7. They ___ football at present.
A) play
B) played
C) are playing
D) have played
✅ Answer: C

8. I ___ TV at the moment.
A) watch
B) watched
C) am watching
D) have watched
✅ Answer: C

9. Look! The baby ___ .
A) cry
B) cries
C) is crying
D) cried
✅ Answer: C

10. We ___ for the bus now.
A) wait
B) are waiting
C) waited
D) have waited
✅ Answer: B

---

Present Perfect Tense

11. I ___ my homework.
A) do
B) did
C) have done
D) doing
✅ Answer: C

12. She ___ the movie already.
A) sees
B) saw
C) has seen
D) seeing
✅ Answer: C

13. We ___ Delhi twice.
A) visit
B) visited
C) have visited
D) visiting
✅ Answer: C

14. He ___ the letter just now.
A) writes
B) wrote
C) has written
D) writing
✅ Answer: C

15. They ___ the work.
A) completed
B) complete
C) have completed
D) completing
✅ Answer: C

---

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

16. She ___ here since 2019.
A) teaches
B) has taught
C) has been teaching
D) taught
✅ Answer: C

17. I ___ for two hours.
A) study
B) studied
C) have been studying
D) am studied
✅ Answer: C

18. He ___ hard for the exam.
A) works
B) worked
C) has been working
D) is worked
✅ Answer: C

19. They ___ cricket since morning.
A) play
B) played
C) have been playing
D) playing
✅ Answer: C

20. She ___ continuously.
A) works
B) is working
C) has been working
D) worked
✅ Answer: C

---

Simple Past Tense

21. I ___ Pune yesterday.
A) visit
B) visited
C) visiting
D) have visited
✅ Answer: B

22. He ___ the match.
A) wins
B) winning
C) won
D) has won
✅ Answer: C

23. She ___ a letter last night.
A) write
B) writes
C) wrote
D) written
✅ Answer: C

24. We ___ the test last week.
A) pass
B) passed
C) passing
D) have passed
✅ Answer: B

25. They ___ late yesterday.
A) come
B) comes
C) came
D) coming
✅ Answer: C

---

Past Continuous Tense

26. I ___ TV when he came.
A) watched
B) was watching
C) am watching
D) watch
✅ Answer: B

27. They ___ cricket at 5 pm.
A) play
B) played
C) were playing
D) playing
✅ Answer: C

28. She ___ food then.
A) cooks
B) cooked
C) was cooking
D) has cooked
✅ Answer: C

29. We ___ when it rained.
A) sleep
B) slept
C) were sleeping
D) sleeping
✅ Answer: C

30. He ___ a song.
A) sings
B) sang
C) was singing
D) sung
✅ Answer: C

---

Past Perfect Tense

31. The train ___ before we reached.
A) leaves
B) left
C) had left
D) leaving
✅ Answer: C

32. She ___ the work before sunset.
A) finishes
B) finished
C) had finished
D) finishing
✅ Answer: C

33. I ___ my homework earlier.
A) do
B) did
C) had done
D) doing
✅ Answer: C

34. They ___ dinner before guests came.
A) eat
B) ate
C) had eaten
D) eating
✅ Answer: C

35. He ___ the school earlier.
A) leaves
B) left
C) had left
D) leaving
✅ Answer: C

---

Future Tense

36. I ___ you tomorrow.
A) meet
B) met
C) will meet
D) meeting
✅ Answer: C

37. She ___ the work by evening.
A) completes
B) will complete
C) completed
D) completing
✅ Answer: B

38. They ___ the match next week.
A) play
B) played
C) will play
D) playing
✅ Answer: C

39. I ___ studying at night.
A) will be
B) am
C) was
D) have
✅ Answer: A (will be studying)

40. He ___ finished the work by 5 pm.
A) will have
B) has
C) had
D) having
✅ Answer: A

---

Error Detection (Tenses)

41. She has went to school.
A) has
B) went
C) to
D) school
✅ Answer: B → gone

42. I am knowing the answer.
A) am
B) knowing
C) the
D) answer
✅ Answer: B → know

43. He did not went home.
A) did
B) not
C) went
D) home
✅ Answer: C → go

44. They has completed the work.
A) They
B) has
C) completed
D) work
✅ Answer: B → have

45. She was write a letter.
A) was
B) write
C) a
D) letter
✅ Answer: B → writing

---

Mixed Tense MCQs

46. By next year, I ___ my degree.
A) complete
B) completed
C) will have completed
D) completing
✅ Answer: C

47. She ___ here since morning.
A) is
B) was
C) has been
D) will be
✅ Answer: C

48. When I reached home, mother ___ food.
A) cooks
B) cooked
C) was cooking
D) has cooked
✅ Answer: C

49. He ___ hard these days.
A) works
B) worked
C) is working
D) has worked
✅ Answer: C

50. We ___ the movie already.
A) see
B) saw
C) have seen
D) seeing
✅ Answer: C

निष्कर्ष

Tenses चे योग्य ज्ञान CTET English section साठी अत्यंत आवश्यक आहे.
जर student ला 12 Tenses चे rules, structures आणि examples नीट समजले, तर Grammar मधील चुका सहज ओळखता येतात.
Regular practice, revision आणि PYQs सोडविल्यास CTET 2026 मध्ये English मध्ये चांगले marks मिळवता येतात.